پنجشنبه، اردیبهشت ۱۷، ۱۳۸۸

E L S A L V A D O R



















Country Name:
Conventional long form: Republic of El Salvador
Conventional short form: El Salvador
Local long form: Republica de El Salvador
Local short form: El Salvador
Background:
El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost about 75,000 lives, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms.

Geography:
El Salvador is located in Central America. It has a total area of 8,123 square miles (21,040 km²). It is the smallest country in continental America and is affectionately called the "Tom Thumb of the Americas" ("Pulgarcito de America"). It has 123.6 square miles (320& km²) of water within its borders. Several small rivers flow through El Salvador into the Pacific Ocean, including the Goascorán, Jiboa, Torola, Paz and the Río Grande de San Miguel. Only the largest river, the Lempa River, flowing from Guatemala and Honduras across El Salvador to the ocean, is navigatable for commercial traffic. Volcanic craters enclose lakes, the most important of which are Lake Ilopango (70 km²/27 sq mi) and Lake Coatepeque (26 km²/10 sq mi). Lake Güija is El Salvador's largest natural lake (44 km²/17 sq mi). Several artificial lakes were created by the damming of the Lempa, the largest of which is Embalse Cerrón Grande (350 km²/135 sq mi).

El Salvador shares borders with Guatemala and Honduras. It is the only Central American country that does not have a Caribbean coastline. The highest point in the country is Cerro El Pital at 8,957 feet (2,730 m), which shares a border with Honduras.

Location:
Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras

Capital:
Name: San Salvador
Time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Area:

21,040 sq km

Climate:
Tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands
El Salvador has a tropical climate with pronounced wet and dry seasons. Temperatures vary primarily with elevation and show little seasonal change. The Pacific lowlands are uniformly hot; the central plateau and mountain areas are more moderate. The rainy season extends from May to October. Almost all the annual rainfall occurs during this time, and yearly totals, particularly on southern-facing mountain slopes, can be as high as 217 centimeters (85 in). Protected areas and the central plateau receive less, although still significant, amounts. Rainfall during this season generally comes from low pressure over the Pacific and usually falls in heavy afternoon thunderstorms. Hurricanes occasionally form in the Pacific with the notable exception of Hurricane Mitch in 1998.
From November through April, the northeast trade winds control weather patterns. During these months, air flowing from the Caribbean has lost most of the precipitation while passing over the mountains in Honduras. By the time this air reaches El Salvador, it is dry, hot, and hazy.

Elevation Extremes:
Lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
Highest point: Cerro El Pital 2,730 m

Natural Resources:
Hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land

Population:
7,185,218

Net Migration Rate:
-3.27 migrant(s)/1,000 populations

Urbanization:
Urban population: 61% of total population (2008)
Rate of urbanization: 1.9% annual rate of change (2005-2010)

Religions:
Roman Catholic 57.1%, Protestant 21.2%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.9%, Mormon 0.7%, other religions 2.3%, none 16.8%

Languages:
Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)

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michelle.valle گفت...

The pictures are awesome. The job made and the time invested to put all of this beautiful wonders is extraordinary.

Great Job. and GOD BLESS EL SALVADOR!